Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 17، number In Volume 12، March 2025 ، issue Number 106

Layered stylistics of Diwan Monsef Qajar

Masoumeh Goudarzi , Esmaeil Tajbakhsh (Author in Charge)

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: "Layered stylistics", in a critical way, a new way of examining the layers of the work has been very much noticed by style researchers. Examining manuscripts, which are the hidden treasures of literature and the essence of authentic Iranian culture, will be a challenging and long-lasting task. The manuscripts of Mohammad Zaman Khan, known as Monsef Qajar, an anonymous poet in the period of literary flashback, are in four manuscripts, in the embodies of odes,lyrics, masnavis, a handful fragments, and a stanzas. While collecting and correcting the poet"s manuscripts, the author has studied the poems of the book on linguistic, rhetorical and intellectual levels.

METHODOLOGY: In this research, in addition to the existing editions of Monasef"s book, books and articles on stylistics have been used. The correction, collection and restoration of these incomplete manuscripts - some of which were written by the composer himself and some by the scribes of the time - was the responsibility of the author, and what is analysed in this article is based on the available documents.

FINDINGS: Compared to the poets of the flashback style, Monsef"s poetry is reminiscent of the poets of the Khorasani and Iraqi styles. Except for some linguistic complications, his writing is smooth and soft in the phonetic, lexical, and especially rhetorical fields, and sometimes it is reminiscent of the poems of Hafez and Saadi. Complaining about Praised and Beloved is found so much in most of his poem’s embody. The variety of heteromorphic rhythms is evident in the poems. The background intonation is full of rhymes and mono rhymes . In the eloquence, simile and in the rhetoric, repetition, allusion, allegory, and equation technique and multiple meanings have a higher frequency and the theme of most odes is elegy and the essence of sonnets is love for the praised .

CONCLUSION: The monorhyme in lyrics and quatrains is much more than his odes. The metres used by the poet are mostly heteromorphic. The emphatic abstract simile and the metaphor in his work is more than other eloquence. His poems are full of love, elegy and description. He is a Shiite and his poems show devotion to the infallible imams. Despite the abundance of his poems in various embodies , he has remained to the extent of following and imitating, and in terms of phonetics, he is more inclined to the Khorasani style and in terms of vocabulary, he is more following the Iraqi style. His manuscripts contain the embodies of odes, sonnets, masnavis, fragments and stanzas.

Keyword
Munsef’s Diwan , layered stylistics , simile , linguistic layer , intellectual , rhetorical , romantic themes.

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